Thursday, February 14, 2013

Sea slug 'disposable penis' astounds

A sea slug that is able to detach, re-grow and then re-use its penis has surprised scientists.

Japanese researchers observed the bizarre mating behaviour in a species called Chromodoris reticulata, which is found in the Pacific Ocean.

They believe this is the first creature known that can repeatedly copulate with what they describe as a "disposable penis".

The study is published in the Royal Society's journal Biology Letters.

Male and female

The sex life of the sea slug is complicated even before detachable organs come into play.

Continue reading the main story

?Start Quote

I haven't seen anything like this before?

End Quote Bernard Picton National Museums Northern Ireland

Almost all of these creatures, which are also known as nudibranchs, are thought to be "simultaneous hermaphrodites". This means they have both male and female sexual organs and can use them both at the same time.

Bernard Picton, curator of marine invertebrates at the National Museums Northern Ireland, explained: "The genital apparatus is on the right hand side of the body. So two nudibranchs come together and one faces one way and one faces the other way, with the right hand side of their bodies touching.

"The penis from one fits into the female opening of the other one, and the penis from that one fits into the female opening of the first one, if you see what I mean.

"They are both donating sperm to the other one."

But the finding that one species has added another layer of complexity to copulation surprised the sea slug expert.

"I haven't seen anything like this before," he said.

Sexual healing

The Japanese team observed sea slugs that they had collected from shallow coral reefs around Japan. They saw the animals mate 31 times.

The act took between a few seconds and a few minutes, after which the creatures would push away and shed their penises, leaving them on the floor of the tank.

However, the researchers were surprised to discover that just 24-hours later, the sea slugs had regenerated their male organs and were able to mate again.

Closer examination of the animals' anatomy revealed that the sea slugs had a large part of their penis coiled up in a spiral inside their bodies, which they would then use to replenish their missing part.

The scientists also noted that the penis was equipped with spines.

At most, the animals were able to copulate three times in succession, with each bout separated by about 24 hours.

It was not clear once the internal penis was used up after these attempts whether the animal's sex life - at least the male part of it - was effectively over or - after a few weeks or months - the organ could regrow.

No great loss

Sea slugs are not the only animals who abandon their penis.

Continue reading the main story

?Start Quote

They do have very very complicated biology?

End Quote Bernard Picton National Museums Northern Ireland

Orb weaving spiders are known to lose their male organs after sex, as does a sea creature called the periwinkle and land slugs belonging to the genus Ariolimax.

However the researchers believe that Chromodoris reticulata is the first creature known that can re-grow its appendage - and its disposable penis gives it a sexual advantage.

The Japanese team says that in the first act of copulation the penis may be used to remove any sperm left by any competitors that its partner has mated with.

With the first penis and the rival sperm then abandoned, the second penis can be used to inject the sea slug with another dose of its own sperm, ensuring that their genes are the ones that are passed on.

Mr Picton said: "They do have very, very complicated biology - and a lot have awfully complicated things in terms of reproduction."

Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-21431678#sa-ns_mchannel=rss&ns_source=PublicRSS20-sa

reba mcentire acm awards the killing april fools global payments eli young band wrestlemania

Wednesday, February 13, 2013

Church youth become philanthropists

[Faith & Leadership]?Church youth are often called upon to help others ? they may go on mission trips, serve meals at a community kitchen or tutor other students.

But at St. Mark?s Episcopal Church in New Canaan, Connecticut, such direct service has been augmented by a different kind of generosity: philanthropy.

Thirteen teens are learning to run a small foundation ? the St. Mark?s Youth Philanthropy Guild ? and in the process are living out the Christian mission of serving the poor. Their discussions about how to disburse the funds are not just practical, but also lead to deeper conversations about what it means to really follow Jesus ? with their hearts and with their money ? and about the role of the church in society

By setting up a real-world philanthropy and being led through the process of asset allocation, these high schoolers are asking questions about what it means to be a Christian, said businessman Gary B. Ward, one of the adult leaders of the group.

?One of the greatest kicks in business is watching people respond when you give them responsibility; they just flower,? Ward said. ?Here, you?re watching the Lord?s work in action, and these young people are maturing in terms of judgment and becoming bigger people in many different ways. It?s my small mission for the church.?

The church has entrusted these high schoolers with $5,000 from a fundraiser and has asked them to grant the money to places where it will most help those in need. Over a period of months, they will craft a mission statement, devise a marketing plan, request proposals and then decide which to fund. The grants will be awarded in the spring.

The teens want to participate in the guild out of a sense of altruism, as well as a sense of responsibility.

?We have so much that we are given,? said Kristin Davis, a 10th-grade student at New Canaan High School and a member of the church.

?We just want to give back to the community and to God and follow his path for us and what he wants us to do as Christians. St. Mark?s is such a welcoming community, and the youth leaders make it a lot of fun. It?s informative and collaborative.?

Due diligence
On a recent Thursday evening, about half the members of the St. Mark?s Youth Philanthropy Guild sat down with Acting Director of Youth Ministries Cyra Borsy to brainstorm ideas for getting the word out to the community that they are accepting proposals for grants of up to $2,500.

Two members of the group rushed in from squash practice; another was fitting in the meeting around dance class.

As they ate pizza and the choir practiced in the background, the group kicked around a marketing plan: How should they get the word out through social media, newspapers, fliers, church announcements and the local television station?

The group has also been working on its mission statement and devising a way to vet organizations to be sure the donations will have an impact.

?We should ask the organizations to give financial statements,? suggested Christian Walsh, a senior at St. Luke?s, a private school in New Canaan. ?What percentage goes toward their overhead? We should get recommendations; it confirms that they?re trustworthy.?

Jake Hamill, also a senior at St. Luke?s, said he liked the idea of visiting an organization before donating money. ?I think it?s a good idea to go to the site and see how the organization is in person and on paper,? Hamill said.

Borsy challenged the kids to find some organizations that are so small they may not be known. For example, the Norwalk River Rowing Association mentors young, at-risk women by introducing them to the elite sport of crew, she said.

?It gives them purpose, exercise, self-esteem,? Borsy said. ?But it?s a low-income program ? they?re operating out of a trailer. They don?t know about St. Mark?s, but I know about them, so think about that for a second. Find some organizations and send an application to them.?

A meaningful challenge

The guild was the brainchild of Ward and the Rev. Joshua Hill, the former youth minister at St. Mark?s, now chaplain at the Episcopal School of Knoxville in Tennessee.

Hill reasoned that many of these kids would find themselves in leadership positions in the church in the future, so why not start grooming them now?

?A big part of my rationale for the youth philanthropy group was that older teenagers deserve more than pancake suppers and ?Kumbaya? from the church,? Hill said. ?They need to be challenged to live meaningfully. They need to be told they are valued, their opinions matter and they can have an impact on the work of the church.

?Given the particular economic context of our parish, it was clear to me that formation for leadership in mission involved money as much as it involved hands.?

New Canaan is a wealthy community in Connecticut with tree-lined streets and stone walls typical of a small New England town. The median price of a home is $1.2 million, and many residents work on Wall Street or in the financial services industry.

Ward, a retired hedge fund manager, wanted to expose the teens to the real world, and to challenge them to think about how to put their values into action.

?The project is closely aligned with the Christian values of assistance to the needy,? Ward said. ?It?s not heavy-handed but merely taking our youth and trying to make the love of Christ part of their daily life.?

Ward is the perfect mentor to the group, Hill said. He has a Wharton degree, love for the church and a connection with teenagers.

Hill recruited the first participants by telling them how great the experience would look on a college application.

?That was the sales pitch, but the truth is that most young people jump at the chance to be trusted with something that really matters,? Hill said. ?They could sense a chance to be recognized as mature young adults, and they went for it.?

At the end of the process, last year?s group of teens considered seven applications and ultimately gave grants to five organizations focused on helping children and families.

They included Pura Vida, a local faith-based charity for children in need throughout the world, and Breakthrough Options for Families Inc., an agency in nearby Norwalk, Conn., serving single, low-income parents.

?It is very moving to have high school students help with and fund our mission,? said Sharon Knechtle, director of Pura Vida, which in 2012 sent 200,000 specially formulated packaged meals to children in Haiti.

The St. Mark?s group also funded a summer reading program at the New Canaan library ? a decision that raised some questions for the youth.

While some in the group wanted to donate money to the library for new software to expand its children?s summer reading program, one of the members was against it because he believed the library was damaging local video stores. In the end, the students persuaded the teen that the library deserved the grant.

Grappling with big questions is part of the purpose of the project, Ward said. By deciding where to give money, the youth have to think about what it means to be generous and what it means to do philanthropy as Christians, for the sake of the gospel.

Ward agreed.

?Life is a series of trade-offs,? Ward said. ?I encourage the kids to argue it out. I try to get the kids to expand their vision into ethics and morality when making grants.?

A model for youth philanthropy

Hill and Ward were initially inspired by the New Canaan Community Foundation?s Young Philanthropists Fund, a six-year-old program that will give away $12,000 this year.

Cynthia Gorey, the executive director of the New Canaan Community Foundation, said that youth philanthropy programs across the country have grown out of schools and churches. They tend to attract kids who understand the responsibility of giving back, whether because of their own families? wealth or because they appreciate the unmet needs of people around them.

?This is a complement to the direct service that kids have been participating in all along,? Gorey said. ?Families are seeing the value of giving financial support as well.?

When a 14- or 15-year-old first signs on, he or she may not know much about the role of the nonprofit sector of the economy, Gorey said. The first job is to understand that the economy is broken down into three segments: for-profit business; government, which provides assistance through programs like food stamps; and then the nonprofit segment, which picks up the slack.

?A nonprofit can be everything from Harvard down to a food pantry,? Gorey said. Then kids learn about the range of funders, from medically based groups to foundations that focus on issues such as education and hunger to corporate philanthropy.

Gorey said she enjoys teaching about the life cycle of a nonprofit ? raising the money, identifying worthy causes and making good choices about whom to fund. At the end of the process, kids feel like they have made intelligent, informed choices and enjoy seeing people helped by their work.

Though the New Canaan Community Foundation program served as an inspiration, both Hill and Ward wanted to create their own program at St. Mark?s with an emphasis on Christian values ? a model that could be replicated in other congregations.

For Davis, the 10th-grader, the philanthropy guild is a way to live out her faith.

?We want to help other people and do good for the world,? she said. ?That?s what Christianity is all about.?

? Faith & Leadership is the online magazine of Leadership Education at Duke Divinity, which designs educational services, develops intellectual resources, and facilitates networks of institutions.

Source: http://episcopaldigitalnetwork.com/ens/2013/02/12/church-youth-become-philanthropists/

todd haley kareem abdul jabbar miramonte elementary school mark jenkins super bowl commercials 2012 mia amar e stoudemire

Rare explosion created our galaxy's youngest black hole, study suggests

Feb. 13, 2013 ? New data from NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory suggest a highly distorted supernova remnant may contain the most recent black hole formed in the Milky Way galaxy. The remnant appears to be the product of a rare explosion in which matter is ejected at high speeds along the poles of a rotating star.

The remnant, called W49B, is about a thousand years old as seen from Earth and located about 26,000 light-years away.

"W49B is the first of its kind to be discovered in the galaxy," said Laura Lopez, who led the study at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "It appears its parent star ended its life in a way that most others don't."

Usually when a massive star runs out of fuel, the central region of the star collapses, triggering a chain of events that quickly culminate in a supernova explosion. Most of these explosions are generally symmetrical, with the stellar material blasting away more or less evenly in all directions.

However, in the W49B supernova, material near the poles of the doomed rotating star was ejected at a much higher speed than material emanating from its equator. Jets shooting away from the star's poles mainly shaped the supernova explosion and its aftermath.

The remnant now glows brightly in X-rays and other wavelengths, offering the evidence for a peculiar explosion. By tracing the distribution and amounts of different elements in the stellar debris field, researchers were able to compare the Chandra data to theoretical models of how a star explodes. For example, they found iron in only half of the remnant while other elements such as sulfur and silicon were spread throughout. This matches predictions for an asymmetric explosion.

"In addition to its unusual signature of elements, W49B also is much more elongated and elliptical than most other remnants," said co-author Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz of the University of California at Santa Cruz. "This is seen in X-rays and several other wavelengths and points to an unusual demise for this star."

Because supernova explosions are not well understood, astronomers want to study extreme cases like the one that produced W49B. The relative proximity of W49B also makes it extremely useful for detailed study.

The authors examined what sort of compact object the supernova explosion left behind. Most of the time, massive stars that collapse into supernovas leave a dense, spinning core called a neutron star. Astronomers often can detect neutron stars through their X-ray or radio pulses, although sometimes an X-ray source is seen without pulsations. A careful search of the Chandra data revealed no evidence for a neutron star. The lack of such evidence implies a black hole may have formed.

"It's a bit circumstantial, but we have intriguing evidence the W49B supernova also created a black hole," said co-author Daniel Castro, also of MIT. "If that is the case, we have a rare opportunity to study a supernova responsible for creating a young black hole."

Supernova explosions driven by jets like the one in W49B have been linked to gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) in other objects. GRBs, which have been seen only in distant galaxies, also are thought to mark the birth of a black hole. There is no evidence the W49B supernova produced a GRB, but it may have properties -- including being jet-driven and possibly forming a black hole -- that overlap with those of a GRB.

The new results on W49B, which were based on about two-and-a-half days of Chandra observing time, appear in a recent issue of the Astrophysical Journal.

Share this story on Facebook, Twitter, and Google:

Other social bookmarking and sharing tools:


Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Chandra X-ray Observatory.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Journal Reference:

  1. Laura A. Lopez, Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz, Daniel Castro, Sarah Pearson. THE GALACTIC SUPERNOVA REMNANT W49B LIKELY ORIGINATES FROM A JET-DRIVEN, CORE-COLLAPSE EXPLOSION. The Astrophysical Journal, 2013; 764 (1): 50 DOI: 10.1088/0004-637X/764/1/50

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: Views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/space_time/astronomy/~3/I2L0vNKu6DA/130213114515.htm

johnny depp hayden panettiere raul ibanez completely wrong mila kunis stacey dash christopher columbus

Tuesday, February 12, 2013

Obama calls NKorea nuke test 'highly provocative'

WASHINGTON (AP) ? President Barack Obama on Tuesday called North Korea's latest nuclear test a "highly provocative act" that threatens U.S. security and international peace.

"The danger posed by North Korea's threatening activities warrants further swift and credible action by the international community," Obama said in a statement issued early Tuesday. "The United States will also continue to take steps necessary to defend ourselves and our allies."

North Korea said it successfully detonated a miniaturized nuclear device at a northeastern test site Tuesday. South Korean, U.S. and Japanese seismic monitoring agencies said they detected an earthquake in North Korea with a magnitude between 4.9 and 5.2.

North Korea's official Korean Central News Agency said the test was conducted safely but with "great explosive power." It said the test is aimed at coping with "ferocious" U.S. hostility that undermines the North's peaceful, sovereign right to launch satellites. Last month, North Korea's National Defense Commission said the United States was its prime target for a nuclear test and long-range rocket launches.

"These provocations do not make North Korea more secure," Obama said. "Far from achieving its stated goal of becoming a strong and prosperous nation, North Korea has instead increasingly isolated and impoverished its people through its ill-advised pursuit of weapons of mass destruction and their means of delivery."

The U.N. Security Council will hold an emergency meeting Tuesday morning on North Korea's nuclear test. South Korea's U.N. Mission informed reporters early Tuesday that the closed-door meeting will begin at 9 a.m. EST.

On Monday, U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry discussed North Korea's "continued provocative rhetoric" in a phone call with China's Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi. That followed earlier conversations with Kerry's counterparts from Japan and South Korea, key U.S. allies in the region.

State Department spokeswoman Victoria Nuland said the three conversations "were remarkably similar" on the importance of implementing the commitments of a January U.N. resolution that toughened sanctions against Pyongyang and warned of "significant action" if it conducted a nuclear test. That resolution was supported by China, North Korea's only major ally.

On Tuesday, China expressed firm opposition to the test but called for a calm response by all sides.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/89ae8247abe8493fae24405546e9a1aa/Article_2013-02-12-US-NKorea/id-cea44c6bf07e433db1a893b781247dd1

mr rogers jamie lee curtis spring equinox audacious pollen count mexico city first day of spring

Explosive breakthrough in research on molecular recognition

Explosive breakthrough in research on molecular recognition [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 12-Feb-2013
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Richard Cairney
richard.cairney@ualberta.ca
780-492-4514
University of Alberta

Researchers discover new detection technique

EdmontonEver wonder how sometimes people still get through security with explosives on their person? Research done in the University of Alberta's Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering has revealed a new way to better detect these molecules associated with explosive mixtures.

A team of researchers including post-doctoral fellows Seonghwan Kim, Dongkyu Lee and Xuchen Liu, with research associate Charles Van Neste, visiting professor, Sangmin Jeon from the Pohang University of Science and Technology (South Korea), and Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering professor Thomas Thundat, has found a method of using receptor-free nanomechanical infrared spectroscopy to increase recognition of chemical molecules in explosive mixtures.

Detecting trace amounts of explosives with mixed molecules presents a formidable challenge for sensors with chemical coatings. The nanomechanical infrared spectroscopy used by the Univesity of Alberta research team provides higher selectivity in molecular detection by measuring the photothermal effect of the absorbed molecules.

Thundat, who holds the Canadian Excellence Research Chair in Oil Sands Molecular Engineering, says the spectroscopy looks at the physical nature of the molecule and "even if there are mixed molecules, we can detect specific molecules using this method."

Seonghwan (Sam) Kim explained that conventional sensors based on coatings generally cannot detect specific molecules in complex mixtures if the concentration of interfering molecules is five times greater than the target molecules. The detection sensitivity and selectivity are drastically increased using the high-power infrared laser because the photothermal signal comes from the absorption of infrared photons and nonradiative decay processes. Using this method, a few trillionths of a gram of explosive molecules can now be detected in a complex mixture even if there is a higher concentration of other interfering molecules.

The research team's findings are published in Scientific Reports by Nature Publishing Group on January 23, 2013.

The research team's current work looks at detecting biomolecules and hydrocarbons in the oil industry and nerve gas stimulants (DMMP), which can be found in household radiators, gasoline, and fabric softeners, for example. The team also hopes to develop a hand-held device for chemical detection that could be utilized in fields such as security, health care and environmental protection.

###


[ Back to EurekAlert! ] [ | E-mail | Share Share ]

?


AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


Explosive breakthrough in research on molecular recognition [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 12-Feb-2013
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Richard Cairney
richard.cairney@ualberta.ca
780-492-4514
University of Alberta

Researchers discover new detection technique

EdmontonEver wonder how sometimes people still get through security with explosives on their person? Research done in the University of Alberta's Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering has revealed a new way to better detect these molecules associated with explosive mixtures.

A team of researchers including post-doctoral fellows Seonghwan Kim, Dongkyu Lee and Xuchen Liu, with research associate Charles Van Neste, visiting professor, Sangmin Jeon from the Pohang University of Science and Technology (South Korea), and Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering professor Thomas Thundat, has found a method of using receptor-free nanomechanical infrared spectroscopy to increase recognition of chemical molecules in explosive mixtures.

Detecting trace amounts of explosives with mixed molecules presents a formidable challenge for sensors with chemical coatings. The nanomechanical infrared spectroscopy used by the Univesity of Alberta research team provides higher selectivity in molecular detection by measuring the photothermal effect of the absorbed molecules.

Thundat, who holds the Canadian Excellence Research Chair in Oil Sands Molecular Engineering, says the spectroscopy looks at the physical nature of the molecule and "even if there are mixed molecules, we can detect specific molecules using this method."

Seonghwan (Sam) Kim explained that conventional sensors based on coatings generally cannot detect specific molecules in complex mixtures if the concentration of interfering molecules is five times greater than the target molecules. The detection sensitivity and selectivity are drastically increased using the high-power infrared laser because the photothermal signal comes from the absorption of infrared photons and nonradiative decay processes. Using this method, a few trillionths of a gram of explosive molecules can now be detected in a complex mixture even if there is a higher concentration of other interfering molecules.

The research team's findings are published in Scientific Reports by Nature Publishing Group on January 23, 2013.

The research team's current work looks at detecting biomolecules and hydrocarbons in the oil industry and nerve gas stimulants (DMMP), which can be found in household radiators, gasoline, and fabric softeners, for example. The team also hopes to develop a hand-held device for chemical detection that could be utilized in fields such as security, health care and environmental protection.

###


[ Back to EurekAlert! ] [ | E-mail | Share Share ]

?


AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-02/uoa-ebi021213.php

free agents nfl 2012 milwaukee bucks bear grylls us news law school rankings gael glen rice jr bars

Militant Threats Test Pentagon?s Role in Africa

[unable to retrieve full-text content]

Source: www.nytimes.com --- Monday, February 11, 2013
The leader of the Pentagon?s Africa Command, Gen. Carter F. Ham, must straddle the new and the old missions in strengthening African forces and confronting Islamist militants. ...

Source: http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/12/world/africa/militant-threats-test-pentagons-role-in-africa.html?partner=rss&emc=rss

Beyonce Lip Sync Star Wars citizens bank Hansel and Gretel LGBT Giovanna Plowman martin luther king jr quotes

AOKP Android 4.2 Build 3 update brings support for Galaxy Note 2 LTE, more Galaxy S2 devices

AOKP fans will be happy to know that a new upgrade has been issued. The update, an MR1 based on 4.2 and dubbed Build 3, adds support for five new devices, including the Samsung Galaxy Note 2 LTE, T-Mobile?s Galaxy S2 and the Acer Iconia Tab A510. Support for the international Samsung Galaxy S2 i9100 and i9100G (Exynos and OMAP versions, respectively) are also supposed to be coming, though a couple of issues is holding that particular device back until sometime tomorrow.

More than just new device support, though, you can expect some very nice changes on the software front. The biggest change will be the addition of a UI mode selector, so you can switch between phone, phablet or tablet at the quick press of a button. I?m sure the new Galaxy Note 2 users added in this update will especially enjoy that one.

Other changes include transparency options for ?all the things,? dual panel support for any DPI setting, the return of Car Home, a quick unlock feature for the lock-screen, the ability to hide the navigation bar (slide up from bottom to bring it back), and more. You can find all the details you need about today?s juicy changes and additions here, but if your device is supported then why not just give it a whirl yourself? Find all the links you need here, and don?t forget to back your current image up and do a full wipe if you?re coming from another ROM or base build.



Source: http://phandroid.com/2013/02/11/aokp-jelly-bean-build-3/

fbi most wanted list stuttering james van der beek dyngus day indonesia quake stephen strasburg shabazz